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Joaquín Valverde Durán (27 February 184617 March 1910) was a Spanish composer, conductor and flautist. As a composer he is known for his collaborations on zarzuelas (he has been described as "the collaborative musician ''par excellence''").〔 He was also the father of Joaquín "Quinito" Valverde Sanjuán, who achieved a greater level of fame. ==Biography== Joaquín Valverde Durán was born in Badajoz in 1846. He studied at the Madrid Conservatory under José Aranguren (harmony), Pedro Sarmiento (flute) and Emilio Arrieta (composition).〔(Zarzuela.net )〕 He was a brilliant flautist, playing in military bands and theatre orchestras from the age of 13, and winning first prize in flute at the Conservatory in 1867.〔 He won the composition prize in 1870. He wrote two manuals for flautists (1874; ''La flauta: su historia, su estudia'', 1886〔(Don Michael Randel, ''The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music'' )〕). Between 1871 and 1889 he was a professional theatre conductor. His first symphony ''Batylo'' was written in 1871.〔 His reputation as a composer was made, however, with a series of zarzuelas (light operas), written in collaboration with Federico Chueca. It appears that Chueca provided most of the melodies and Valverde provided the orchestral polish.〔(La Gran Via, zarzuela.net )〕 They worked together on ''Un maestro de obra prima'' (1877), ''La Canción de la Lola'' (1880), ''Luces y sombras'' and ''Fiesta Nacional'' (both 1882), ''Cádiz'' (1886), ''El año pasado por agua'' (1889), and other operas. Their masterpiece was ''La gran vía'' (Madrid, 2 July 1886), which was played in Spain, Mexico, Argentina, New York, Vienna, and many other theatres in Europe. It was premiered in London in 1906 as ''Castles in Spain''. A march from ''Cádiz'' (originally a hymn to a general, written in 1868 by Chueca alone) proved enormously popular in Spain, and it competed for popularity with the national anthem among the military.〔(Federico Chueca, zarzuela.net )〕 Both Valverde and Chueca were awarded the Military Grand Cross.〔 Valverde also collaborated with Manuel Fernández Caballero, Julián Romea, Ruperto Chapí, Arturo Saco del Valle, José Rogel, Tomás Bretón, Tomás López Torregrosa and José Serrano (''La suerte loca'', 1907). Less successful were operas Valverde wrote alone, such as ''La baraja francesa'' (1890). His other works include two symphonies〔 and over 200 other orchestral works.〔(Answers.com )〕 Joaquín Valverde Durán died in Madrid in 1910. His son "Quinito" Valverde (Joaquín Valverde Sanjuán) carried on his father's tradition. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joaquín Valverde Durán」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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